What Is Molarity In Chemistry?



Molarity is one of the widely used concentration units that is denoted by "M". Molarity is defined as the number of solute's moles present per litre of solution.  

Therefore, Molarity is expressed as 

Molarity = number of solutes moles/ volume of solution in litres 

The Molarity of the solution depends on the changes in the system's physical properties like temperature, pressure.  

Formula of Molarity 

The formula for calculating the Molarity is the ratio of solute moles and the solvent volume used.  

That is,  

And M = n/V  

Where "M" denotes the Molarity of the solution 

"n" is the number of solute's moles  

And "V" is the solution's volume in litres 

Let us take an example for the same 

For example: 

A solution is prepared using 15 g of sodium sulphate. The given volume of the solution is 1235 ml. You need to calculate the Molarity of sodium sulphate solution.  

Now, let us see how to solve it and calculate the Molarity of the given solution.  

Firstly, we need to know that the molecular formula for sodium sulphate solution is Na2SO4, and water is H2O. 

The molecular mass of sodium sulphate is: 

M= 23 X 2 + 32 + 16 X 4 

M = 142 

Now, the number of moles of sodium sulphate solution is calculated as 

N = mass in grams / molecular weight 

N = 15/ 142 

Therefore, n = 0.106 

The given volume of the solution is 125 ml, but we need to express it in terms of litres. 

So, Volume = 125/ 1000 = 0.125 

Now putting all the values in the molarity formula

Molarity = Number of solute's moles / Volume of solution 

Molarity = 0.106 / 0.125 

Molarity, M = 0.85. 

So, the Molarity of the sodium sulphate solution is 0.85 M. 

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